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Because alcoholism alone does not speak for the entire realm of drug addictions, the neurological conditions associated with the abuse of other substances must also be
Families who have seen several members suffer from drug addiction may serve as evidence that chemical dependency is a biological predisposition.
Studies in the field of neuropsychology can begin to make clear the role of genetics in drug addiction, helping the chemically dependent to further understand the causes of their afflictions. According to the results of research conducted by Agrawal and Dick (2008), electrophysiological studies have shown that abnormal P3 component responses are present in the brains of alcoholics and their children, further linking genetics to the disease, as well as to addictions to other drugs (p. 112). Bernat et al. (2007) agree with Agrawal and Dick, as they have noted that reduced P3 amplitudes have been detected not only in alcoholics, but also in their sons (p. 9 Cool

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Perhaps the most prevalent argument in the field of psychology is the debate regarding nature versus nurture: Are one’s thoughts and behaviors things to which he or she is genetically predisposed [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or are they due to environmental factors? Modern psychologists tend to agree that evidence exists in support of both sides of the case, leading people to believe that their personalities are the result of both nature and nurture.
Family Studies Drug Addiction
However, these findings were simply the result of public opinion, and therefore do not provide scientific evidence regarding the causation of drug abuse. While environment may play a significant role, one must also take into consideration other possible causes of drug addiction, including biological predispositions.
Not only do such genetic deficiencies contribute to the risk for developing alcoholism; they also affect the way the body processes chemical substances. Alcoholics, for example [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], tend to have a genetic makeup that speeds the course of converting ethanol to acetaldehyde, intensifying the body’s reaction to the substance (Agrawal & Lynskey, 2008 [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], p.114). This phenomenon feasibly leads to addiction. That being said, a genetic tendency to respond intensely to alcohol is clearly in existence; however, to prove alcoholism to be a genetic disorder does not confirm that substance abuse in general is a result of biology.
However, the debate becomes increasingly complicated when dealing with psychological abnormalities such as drug addiction. Kuppin and Carpiano (2006) noted that the public found counseling and support groups to be effective in treating drug abuse (p. 1768), signifying that such a problem is conceivably the result of an environmental factor.
Relevant research suggests that genetics do, in fact, have a significant effect on the development of drug addiction. According to Agrawal and Lynskey (2008), “family studies conclude that both alcoholism and substance abuse disorders cluster in families, due presumably to genetic factors” (p. 1070). Such studies have estimated genetics to account for 50-70% of the development of alcoholism, and cocaine and heroin dependence have also been shown to have significant heritability (pp. 1072-1074).
Neuropsychology and Addiction
These statistics help to rule out the assumption that repeated occurrences of drug addiction among families are due to the environment in which families find themselves. Before families accept the fact that their addictions are likely the result of a biological flaw; however, they’ll want to know the reasoning behind this belief.